Named Mt. Everest by the Survey of
India in 1856
after Sir George Everest the retired
Surveyor-General of India.
The Nepalis call it
Sagarmatha ( " Head of the Sky
" )
and the Sherpas call it Chomolungma (
" Goddess Mother of the
World " ).
The Chinese call it Qomolangma
Feng.
The first ascent was in 1953
when ( Sir )
Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay reached the summit
via the Khumbu Icefall, the Western Cwm, over the
Geneva Spur to the South Col,
and up the Southeast
Ridge.
Reinhold Messner
has climbed Everest twice without oxygen
and also
made the first solo ascent.
At the end of 2003 the
record stood at 449 expeditions,
900 different people
had reached the summit
(including over 30 people
climbing more than 5 times,
40 people climbing more
than twice, a total of 1000 ascents),
and 160
climbers having been killed.
From 1983 both China and
Nepal have allowed several expeditions
on the
mountain at the same time resulting in queues for the
fixed ropes,
confusion, squabbles, crowded base camps
and the inevitable rubbish littering the mountain.